We can take ancient Greek civilization as an example to illustrate the view that culture is the “overall existence mode of society.”
Firstly, from the perspective of political systems, ancient Greece established a city-state democratic system, which is a form of self-governance that lays the foundation for the democratic spirit in ancient Greek culture. In Athens, the citizens’ assembly became the highest authority, and every citizen had the right to participate in decision-making. This institutional design directly influenced the values and thinking patterns of the ancient Greeks.
Secondly, in terms of economic life, ancient Greece experienced a flourishing commercial trade, with overseas trade and colonial activities promoting the production and exchange of goods. This economic activity fostered the ancient Greeks’ pursuit of values such as freedom, equality, and competition, and also led to significant achievements in material creation, such as unique architectural and sculptural art.
Furthermore, from the perspective of ideological culture, ancient Greek philosophers’ reflections on nature, society, and humanity formed a rich philosophical thought system. Their rational spirit and critical attitude had a profound influence on future generations. At the same time, ancient Greek literature, drama, and art also achieved remarkable accomplishments, reflecting the ancient Greeks’ pursuit of beauty and creativity.
In conclusion, ancient Greek civilization demonstrates its unique cultural characteristics in multiple aspects such as political systems, economic life, and ideological culture. These characteristics are interrelated and mutually influence one another, collectively forming the overall existence mode of ancient Greek society. Therefore, we can say that culture is the “overall existence mode of society,” and this viewpoint is fully reflected in ancient Greek civilization.